What bone density is normal?

A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures calcium and other minerals in your bones. The results are delivered as a ‘T-score’.

Your T-score compares your bone density to that of someone of the same sex as you, at the peak of their bone mass (in their late 20s to early 30s).

The lower your T-score, the higher your risk of bone fracture. If your T-score is more than -1, your bone density is considered normal. If it’s between -1 and -2.4, this indicates osteopenia. A score of -2.5 or lower suggests you may have osteoporosis.