What’s the difference between polycystic ovary syndrome and polycystic ovaries?

It’s possible to have polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) on ultrasound, but not have PCOS. PCOM describes ovaries that contain a larger number of small, undeveloped follicles. These fluid-filled sacs hold immature eggs and do not cause pelvic pain. Despite the name, PCOM is not cysts at all. PCOM is a completely normal feature in all teenagers within 8 years of menarche (the very first period appearing with puberty) and this is why ultrasound cannot diagnose PCOS until 8 years after menarche). PCOM can also be found in various hormonal conditions.

PCOS is a hormonal condition that may sometimes show PCOM features. Having PCOM does not diagnose PCOS, as it is not a reliable and consistent finding of PCOS. Diagnosis of PCOS should be confirmed by a specialist to allow for safe and effective treatment of symptoms and to improve overall health.